YOU HAVE DECIDED ON A HYBRID VEHICLE
Have you decided on a hybrid vehicle?
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The word “hybrid” means mixed or “composite.”
In the automotive field, hybrid vehicles are always mentioned when the motor vehicle can be powered by two different types of drive (internal combustion engine and/or electric motor).
In modern hybrid vehicles, the vehicle is braked completely or partially via a generator during “recuperative braking.” The electrical energy obtained in this way and stored in the high-voltage battery can then be used to drive the motor vehicle.
In addition, it is also partially possible to drive the generator via the internal combustion engine and thereby charge the HV battery.
With some concepts, it is also possible to charge the HV battery via the household power connection (socket).
A DISTINCTION IS MADE BETWEEN HYBRID VEHICLES
DEPENDING ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE HIGH-VOLTAGE SYSTEM, BETWEEN THE FOLLOWING SYSTEMS:
Micro-hybrid system
Micro-hybrid vehicles represent the lowest level of hybrid vehicles. Driving here takes place exclusively via the mechanical energy provided by the internal combustion engine. The energy from the vehicle electrical system battery and the stationary generator (14V) is only used for the operating energy when the vehicle is stationary. These vehicles have a start-stop function. To a limited extent, it is possible to charge the vehicle electrical system battery via the generator when the internal combustion engine is in overrun mode, but the low power and voltage limit brake energy recovery.
Mild-hybrid system
In addition to the internal combustion engine as the main drive machine, mild-hybrid vehicles have an electric machine and an additional high-voltage battery.
Classic mild-hybrid systems work with voltages above 42V.
This system uses combined motor generators that can convert kinetic energy into electrical energy when decelerating/braking. As a rule, these vehicles have a start-stop function, whereby the motor generator is used to start the internal combustion engine after it has been switched off.
In mild-hybrid systems, the electric motor is also used for starting or accelerating, and sometimes also to support the internal combustion engine.
Full-hybrid system
With a full hybrid vehicle, it is possible to drive purely electrically, purely with an internal combustion engine or in combination. The full hybrid system has the same functions as a mild hybrid system. But in contrast to the mild hybrid system, the internal combustion engine no longer has to be dragged along when driving purely electrically.
The electrical power is more than 20kW and the high-voltage batteries have voltages of sometimes well over 200V to 400V DC voltage. With this system, it is therefore possible to drive the motor vehicles purely electrically, e.g. when starting, and to use the torque of the internal combustion engine and the electric motor in parallel when accelerating strongly.